OER Text MaterialTheoretical Perspectives on Urbanization, Chapter 20The Human Ecology theory, and the concentric zone modal are used to explain urbanization. Human ecology which is a functionalist field of study looks at the relationship between people and their built and natural physical environments. According to this theory, urban land use and urban population distribution occur in a predictable pattern once we understand how people relate to their living environment. The concentric zone model views a city as a series of concentric circular areas, expanding outward from the center of the city, with various “zones” invading adjacent zones.

OER Text MaterialUrbanizationAt this subsection, a suburb is defined as the communities surrounding cities which are close enough to the cities for a daily commute in and out of the city, but far enough away to allow for more space than city living affords. As the suburbs became more crowded and lost their charm, those who could afford it turned to the exurbs which is defined as communities that exist outside the ring of suburbs and are typically populated by even wealthier families who want more space and have the resources to lengthen their commute. Together, the suburbs, exurbs, and metropolitan areas all combine to form a metropolis. Apart from the definitions, suburbs and exurbs are explained in the chapter. Under the subheading, “Theoretical Perspectives on Urbanization,” the concentric zone model is explained.

OER Text MaterialPollution, Section 20.3In this subsection, different types of pollution are discussed. There is an insert “What Should Apple (and Friends) Do about E-Waste?” which draws attention to e-waste.

OER Text MaterialSociology: Understanding and Changing the Social World, Section: 14.5 Some content available through OER for this objective – section 14.5, page 557: Stopping Terrorism. Efforts to stop terrorism take two forms (White, 2012). The first form involves attempts to capture known terrorists and to destroy their camps and facilities and is commonly called a law enforcement or military approach. The second form stems from the recognition of the structural roots of terrorism just described and is often called a structural-reform approach. Each approach has many advocates among terrorism experts, and each approach has many critics.

OER Text MaterialSociology: Understanding and Changing the Social World, Section: 14.5Limited content provided in section 14.5:- Distinguish international war and civil war.- List the major types of terrorism.- Evaluate the law enforcement and structural-reform approaches for dealing with terrorism.

OER Text MaterialSociology: Understanding and Changing the Social World, Section: 14.5Limited content in OER for this learning objective.Defining WarWars occur both between nations and within nations, when two or more factions engage in armedconflict. War between nations is called international war, while war within nations is called civil war. Themost famous civil war to Americans, of course, is the American Civil War, also called the War Betweenthe States, that pitted the North against the South from 1861 through 1865. More than 600,000 soldierson both sides died on the battlefield or from disease, a number that exceeds American deaths in all theother wars the United States has fought. More than 100 million soldiers and civilians are estimated tohave died during the international and civil wars of the 20th century (Leitenberg, 2006). Many novelsand films depict the heroism with which soldiers fight, while other novels and films show the horror thatwar entails. As Sydney H. Schanberg (2005), a former New York Times reporter who covered the wars inVietnam and Cambodia, has bluntly observed, “‘History,’ Hegel said, ‘is a slaughterhouse.’ And war ishow the slaughter is carried out.”

OER Text MaterialSociology: Understanding and Changing the Social World, Section: 14.5Some content available through OER for this objective – section 14.5, page 554 and 555: Types ofTerrorism:- Vigilante Terrorism- Insurgent Terrorism- Transnational Terrorism- State Terrorism

Introductory course with the general concepts of computers and information sciences. The course will introduce students to the features and uses of common applications software such as Windows. Students will also learn about the various hardware components and basic computer terminology. This is Module One in a series.Videos:“All GCFGlobal.org® content is available for free at edu.gcfglobal.org.”Parts of this course were created by Ziko Rizk and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. 

This introductory course is designed to familiarize students with the general concepts of computers and information sciences. The course will introduce students to the features and uses of common applications software such as word processing, spreadsheet, database, and operating systems such as Windows. Students will also learn about the various hardware components and basic computer terminology. This is Module two of the series. 

The LLC Commons (which stands for Language, Literature, Culture) is a collection of open materials and information focused on technology-enhanced teaching in Slavic languages and cultures. It includes a searchable repository of online materials for language teaching, a map with information about Slavic programs in the United States, and resource lists for online and hybrid teaching.

The online lessons (generally for Russian language courses, but other languages and more for literature and culture will be added in the future) have been produced with the following principles in mind: interactivity, multimodality, modifiability, and portability. The modules are mostly interactive videos made using H5P, though there are also YouTube videos as well as other types of activities. The collection, with over 400 resources, continues to grow.

Modules can be found through search, by topic, or by textbook, and can be embedded from the website or downloaded and modified by teachers if desired.

The website is supported by CERCLL at the University of Arizona.

Lectia! is a free language learning mobile app developed by the National Foreign Language Center (NFLC) at the University of Maryland. It has lessons for beginner, intermediate, and advanced learners, all based in real-life content created by and for native speakers. Learners explore the culture and history of a country as they learn the words, sounds, and structures of its language.

Select a language, a level, and a goal, and get started. Monitor your progress on the dashboard.

Currently available through the Apple App Store and Google Play.

Choose from 19 languages: Arabic, Bosnian, Burmese, Chinese, Croatian, Dari, French, German, Greek, Indonesian, Korean, Pashto, Persian, Portuguese, Russian, Serbian, Spanish, Thai, or Vietnamese.

Other features:
- Multimedia lessons to supplement in-class learning
- Transcript and translation
- Highlighted text-tracking to follow along with the audio
- Content and background notes
- Extensive glossary list
- Challenging comprehension, vocabulary, and grammar activities that increase in difficulty as you progress

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1QdDMhCfn3Q_Cul5uVVYBDCgdzx6ndBxLnyagGVkz9gM/edit?usp=sharing 

We define R^n, and learn how to plot points in R^3.https://ximera.osu.edu/la/LinearAlgebra/RRN-M-0010/main 

We use parametric equations to represent lines in R^2, R^3 and R^n.https://ximera.osu.edu/la/LinearAlgebra/RRN-M-0020/main

We establish that a plane is determined by a point and a normal vector, and use this information to derive a general equation for planes in R^3.https://ximera.osu.edu/la/LinearAlgebra/RRN-M-0030/main

We find vector magnitude.https://ximera.osu.edu/la/LinearAlgebra/VEC-M-0020/main 

We define vector addition and scalar multiplication algebraically and geometrically.https://ximera.osu.edu/la/LinearAlgebra/VEC-M-0030/main