Public Policy (Economic, Environmental, Welfare, Education)The resources included here are intended to map to the following learning objectives for an American Government Course:Identify different forms of taxation and how they affect different economic classes.Investigate the trade-offs in various public policy decisions (e.g. Affordable Care Act vs. free market healthcare vs. socialized medicine.)Define budget deficits and differentiate it from the national debt, and identify how government debt is different from debts held by individuals.Discuss the basics of the federal budget process and major spending items.Be able to differentiate between fiscal and monetary policy and identify the key actors for both.Explain the outlines of immigration policy and be able to define key terms like: DREAMers, DACA, chain immigration, etc.

The Federal BureaucracyThe resources included here are intended to map to the following learning objectives for an American Government Course:Explain the major functions of the American federal bureaucracyClassify the types of federal agencies within the federal bureaucracyExplain the policymaking process and power of the federal bureaucracyIdentify the different internal and external actors of the federal bureaucracyDescribe how other institutions exert control and enforce accountability over the federal bureaucracyExplain how the American federal bureaucracy has evolved over time

The Federal Judicial SystemThe resources included here are intended to map to the following learning objectives for an American Government Course:Explain how the power of the federal courts has grown over time.Compare and contrast the structure of federal and state courts, as well as the types of cases they hear.Describe the judicial selection processes.Identify the factors that influence Supreme Court justices when they decide cases.Describe the ways in which the federal courts shape legal policy and decide the scope of individual rights.Summarize the structure, features, and processes of the Supreme Court.

The News MediaThe resources included here are intended to map to the following learning objectives for an American Government Course:Develop strategies to differentiate between real and fake news.Describe various forms of media bias and why they might occur.Investigate how news affects public opinion and the limits of media effects.Investigate how the evolution of cable news and social media has changed news production and consumption.

Learning ObjectivesThe resources included here are intended to map to the following learning objectives for an American Government Course:Discuss the theoretical ideas that shaped the structure of the presidency.Identify the constitutional powers of the executive branch.Explain how the presidency has grown and evolved over time.Describe some of the institutional advantages that the president has over other branches of government.Discuss the role of cabinet and other presidential staff in setting public policy.Explain the nature of the relationship the presidency has with Congress and the courts.Explain the factors that affect presidential success and failure.Describe the presidential election process and strategies pursued by presidential candidates.

This open course with a new set of ancillary materials for OpenStax Psychology was created under a Round Eleven Mini-Grant for Ancillary Materials Creation and Revision. The materials created in order to support faculty implementing OpenStax Psychology in the classroom include:
- Learning outcomes-based modules
- Presentations
- Preparatory and review homework
- Assignments
- Class Activities

Topics covered include:
- Psychological Research
- Biopsychology
- States of Consciousness
- Sensation and Perception
- Intelligence
- Emotion and Motivation
- Social Psychology
- Psychological Disorders
- Therapy and Treatment

In this learning area, you will learn how to develop an argumentative essay and stronger critical thinking skills. This learning area will help you develop your arguments, understand your audience, evaluate source material, approach arguments rhetorically, and avoid logical fallacies. Here, you’ll also learn about evaluating other arguments and creating digital writing projects related to your argument.

This course is an exploration of visual art forms and their cultural connections for the student with little experience in the visual arts. It includes a brief study of art history, and in-depth studies of the elements, media, and methods used in creative thought and processes. It is the only resource I have found that approximates techniques, media, and an overview of different processes that is usually the first half of a printed text on art appreciation or an introduction to art. This is geared toward an undergraduate, lower-level student population. The art history survey is inadequate, but combined with another source, like Boundless' art history, this can be a complete text for an Art 100 course.

We know you have come to this tutorial because you are a serious writer who wants to write well — and correctly! You have probably heard the word plagiarism and would like to understand it better. You have come to the right place. In this tutorial, you’ll learn:

What plagiarism is
How to recognize seven different kinds of plagiarism
The correct way to use ‘open access’ materials
The consequences of plagiarism
How to avoid plagiarism by doing the following:
Citing sources correctly
Recognizing ‘common knowledge’
Writing good paraphrases
Writing good summaries
Taking careful notes

This interactive learning module teaches students how to avoid plagiarism. Upon completing this module, students will understand the definition of plagiarism as well as what and when to cite. Adapted from Clark College's IRIS Avoid Plagiarism tutorial.

Learning about primary sources in an archives where students can see and examine materials is a unique opportunity. This exercise aims to provide a similar level of hands-on active learning while students attend a synchronous class online.

This text is intended to help students understand how to use primary sources and how to research at the University of Baltimore Special Collections & Archives in order to explore potential research topics regarding 20th century social history, arts history, cultural history, and more, in Baltimore, Maryland. The class activity is designed to be completed synchronously in an online learning environment using video conference tools such as Zoom in order to provide students with a collaborative group based experience.

Apply the sampling distribution of the sample mean as summarized by the Central Limit Theorem (when appropriate). In particular, be able to identify unusual samples from a given population.

Food provides the body with the nutrients it needs to survive. Many of these critical nutrients are biological macromolecules, or large molecules, necessary for life. Different smaller organic molecule (monomer) combinations build these macromolecules (polymers). What specific biological macromolecules do living things require? How do these molecules form? What functions do they serve? We explore these questions in this chapter.

As with people, it is vital for individual cells to be able to interact with their environment. In order to properly respond to external stimuli, cells have developed complex mechanisms of communication that can receive a message, transfer the information across the plasma membrane, and then produce changes within the cell in response to the message. In multicellular organisms, cells send and receive chemical messages constantly to coordinate the actions of distant organs, tissues, and cells. The ability to send messages quickly and efficiently enables cells to coordinate and fine-tune their functions.

Cell reproduction is a process of cell division that divides one cell into two identical cells.  In multicellular organisms cell reproduction can be for growth, development or repair, whereas in single cell organisms it is a mechanism of reproduction.  The focus of this content is the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells, regulation of the cell cycle, and consequences of a lack of regulation in the context of cancer. A summary of binary fission in prokaryotic cells is also included.

Your body has many kinds of cells, each specialized for a specific purpose. Just as we use a variety of materials to build a home, the human body is constructed from many cell types. For example, epithelial cells protect the body's surface and cover the organs and body cavities within. Bone cells help to support and protect the body. Immune system cells fight invading bacteria. Additionally, blood and blood cells carry nutrients and oxygen throughout the body while removing carbon dioxide. Each of these cell types plays a vital role during the body's growth, development, and day-to-day maintenance. In spite of their enormous variety, however, cells from all organisms—even ones as diverse as bacteria, onion, and human—share certain fundamental characteristics.

Plants and animals must take in and transform energy for use by cells.  Plants, through photosynthesis, absorb light energy and form organic molecules such as glucose.  Glucose has potential energy in the form of chemical energy stored in its bonds.  This chapter covers the metabolic pathways of cellular respiration and describes the chemical reactions that use energy in glucose and other organic molecules to form adenosine triphosphate (ATP).  ATP is the cell’s “energy currency” fueling virtually all energy requiring processes.  The chemical reactions of cellular respiration are a series of oxidation- reduction (redox) reactions that are divided into three stages: glycolysis, the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.